312 pages, 60 maps, 54 tables, 41 OOBs This book contains 28 maps by Archibald Frank Becke (1871-1947) that have come from these papers and his three books (1907, 1914 and 1936) dealing with the Waterloo Campaign that have been described as “A must for the specialist, but equally of value for the general reader seeking reputable military history.” These have been supplemented by 31 maps from Ferraris (1777) that were used by both sides, W. B. Craan (1816), Cotton (1846), Prussian Maps of Rothenburg (1848), Woer (1857), Siborne (Hooper (1862), Major-General C. W. Robinson (1906), W. Hyde Kelly (1906), James (1908), and Fortescue (1910). In addition, David Wright gave his permission to reproduce his map from his fine article in (2012) Waterloo Artillery: British French and Prussian, Smoothbore Ordnance Journal SOJ-5 on the use of the Royal Horse Artillery as a tactical reserve. Chapter 2 outlines the situation from Napoleon’s return to France. Chapter 3 is Becke’s translation of Napoleon’s lucid reasoning dictated on St Helana of the situation that faced him in 1815 from the chapter entitled “Plan de Campaign de 1815” given in his (1867) Commentaires. The importance and topography of the Low Countries of Belgium and the Netherlands (Chapters 4 and 5). In order to enhance the theme of logistics, the editor has written chapters on the supplying of the armies greatly influenced how they were deployed, the complex story of supply to the British Army, the Board of Ordnance, water, rations, British camp equipment and infantry loads in Chapter 6. The Tricks of the Trade (Chapter 22) explains the time and space required for troops, visibility and what could be seen at sunrise and sunset times during the Waterloo Campaign. Archibald Becke gives an appreciation of the situation from the point of view of a French staff officer before the campaign started on 1 June 1815 (Chapter 7). The organisations and the initial orders for the Armée du Nord (Chapter 8), the Anglo-Dutch Army of Wellington and the Prussian Army of Blücher (Chapter 9) are described. Becke’s notes upon the re-equipping of the Royal Horse Artillery with 9-pdrs and their final positions at 7pm on 18 June 1815 is incorporated in Chapter 10. Becke demonstrated his eye for the battlefields in Quatre Bras and Ligny (Chapter 11), the application of the strategic advanced guard for the 14-17 June (Chapter 12) and then the Prussian Movements on 17 June 1815 the movements in the night of 18 June 1815 (Chapter 13) and Prussian Plans for 18 June 1815 (Chapter 14). Becke expertly examines in Chapter 15, the battlefield of Waterloo, the reason for Wellington’s Detachment at Hal and Tubize, claimants for the first shot from Wellington’s Position, Wellington’s Position, opening fire of the Grande Batterie and Napoleon’s position. Chapter 16 on the Battle of Waterloo is succinctly explained from the initial dispositions, and the Prussian attacks upon Plancenoit. Chapters 17-20 follows the fortunes of Marshal Grouchy to and from Wavre. Chapter 21 is a Becke’s masterful summary of the incidents, features and causes of Napoleon’s ultimate defeat.

This paper combines a very short history of the Anhalt Principalities and 29 biographies of the Dukes, Princes and other officers from the territories who fought in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, 1789-1815.

Memoirs of the Russian General Eduard von Löwenstern (1790-1837) Translated by Translated by Victoria Joan Moessner with Stephen Summerfield

"A memoir of a Russian Hussar Officer who fought 1806-15 taking part in many of the important cavalry enagements against Napoleon. These memoirs of the Russian Hussar Officer, Eduard von Löwenstern, give a wonderful insight into the Russian light cavalry of the Napoleonic Wars 1806-15. Eduard had the typical Hussar appetites for gambling, women, duelling and fighting combined with an ability to express himself with honesty in his writings. His position as Adjutant from 1810 to the talented light cavalry commander, Count Peter von der Pahlen the Younger, who was also the Chef of Eduard’s Sumy Hussar Regiment, and his adventures with Colonel Alexander Figner raiding French communications make him an important eyewitness to the 1812-15 campaigns. This is an English translation of Baron Georges von Wrangell’s 1910 edited version of Eduard von Löwenstern’s memoirs entitled Mit Graf Pahlens Reiterei gegen Napoleon: Denkwürdigkeiten des russischen Generals Eduard von Löwenstern (1790-1837). He seems to have had no fear of contracting syphilis that was spreading rapidly at the time. When his older brother Hermann Ludwig travelled to Paris and spent several months there in 1802-1803 before going on the voyage around the world, he avoided prostitutes because of the dangers of contracting syphilis."

The Cossacks earned an impressive reputation during the Napoleonic Wars. They were loathed for their "barbarism" and feared as fierce warriors. This book enlightens the reader about the fascinating history of these troops, the uniforms, armament and the Cossacks hosts. The second book called (2007) The Brazen Cross: Russian Opolchenie, Partizans and Freikorps during the Napoleonic Wars, completes the story on the Irregular forces of Russia. Dr Alexander Mikerberidze said in his review on the Napoleon Series "The book is lavishly illustrated - all 80 pages are printed on a gloss paper and the book contains 27 B&W illustrations and 11 color plates by Patrice Courcelle! [of Cossack Uniforms]" "… Among the strongest features of the book are the numerous tables covering almost every aspect of the Cossack organization and armament." "… It reads very easily and author's special drop-out boxes with quotes from various memoirs and little known facts only enhance the experience. …. This book is recommended to anyone interested in the Napoleonic Wars and especially to wargamers, who would certainly welcome its concise and informative style." The Introduction describes swiftly the history of Cossacks and their initial conflict with the expanding Russian state. A small section reconciles the Cossack table of ranks of Cossack Khorunzhii, Uriadnik or Esaul with those of the regular army. The Cossack military organization, tactics and involvement in the Napoleonic Wars. The 'Armament and Uniforms' section also discusses the much overlooked Cossack horse. The 'Cossack Hosts' chapter deals with seven major Cossack hosts that existed [Black Sea Cossacks, Bug Cossacks, Don Cossacks, Orenburg Cossacks, Siberian Cossacks, Ukrainian Cossacks Ural Cossacks]. Each host is dealt in 2-3 paragraphs and the Don Host is covered in far more detail. In addition the minor Cossack hosts of the Danube Mouth, Ekaterinoslavl, Terek and Volga are discussed. The 'Regular Cossacks' provides information on establishment and military service of Leib Garde Cossack, Black Sea Leib-Garde Sotnia, Chuguev Cossack and Teptiar Cossacks. The 'Other Irregular Cavalry' details the overlooked Kalmyks, Bashkyrs, and Mesheriaks. A detailed chronology which covers the Cossack history between late 14th century and 1917. Appendices 'A' and 'C' contain Cossack and general Russian military terms and explanation. Appendix 'B' serves as a reference list for various hosts and nations while Appendix 'D' deals with the uniform and armament terms. Available from Caliver Books in UK www.caliverbooks.com

Introduction 15th April 1945 The Leader's Order. Order Of The Day. 15th April, 1945. Last Proclamation: Soldiers Of The German Eastern Front! For the last time our deadly enemies the Jewish Bolsheviks have launched their massive forces to the attack. Their aim is to reduce Germany to ruins and to exterminate our Folk. Many of you soldiers in the east already know the fate which threatens, above all, German women, girls, and children. While the old men and children will be murdered, the women and girls will be reduced to barrackroom whores. The remainder will be marched off to Siberia. We have foreseen this thrust, and since last January have done everything possible to construct a strong Front. The enemy will be greeted by massive artillery fire. Gaps in our infantry have been made good by countless new units. Our Front is being strengthened by emergency units, newly raised units, and by the Germanic Folk Militia. This time the Bolshevik will meet the ancient fate of Asia -- he must and shall bleed to death before the capital of the German Reich. Whoever fails in his duty at this moment behaves as a traitor to our Folk. The Regiment or Division which abandons its position acts so disgracefully that it must be ashamed before the women and children who are withstanding the terror of bombing in our cities. Above all, be on your guard against the few treacherous Officers and soldiers who, in order to preserve their pitiful lives, fight against us in Russian pay, perhaps even wearing German uniform. Anyone ordering you to retreat will, unless you know him well personally, be immediately arrested and, if necessary, killed on the spot, no matter what rank he may hold. If every soldier on the Eastern Front does his duty in the days and weeks which lie ahead, the last assault of Asia will crumple, just as the invasion by our enemies in the west will finally fail, in spite of everything. Berlin remains German, Vienna will be German again, and Europe will never be Russian. Form yourselves into a sworn brotherhood, to defend, not the empty conception of a Fatherland, but your homes, your wives, your children, and, with them, our future. In these hours, the whole German Folk looks to you, my fighters in the east, and only hopes that, thanks to your resolution and fanaticism, thanks to your weapons, and under your leadership, the Bolshevik assault will be choked in a bath of blood. At this moment, when Fate has removed from the Earth the greatest war criminal of all time, the turning point of this war will be decided. Adolf Hitler.

The Napoleonic Wars are still reflected by works of art and products of arts and crafts, or any imprints of human creativity called Napoleonic memorabilia (or Napoleonics). Regarding the rich iconography of these objects we can create an idea of the events and personalities that at the turn of the 18th century and the 19th century were stirring the fate of Europe. It is a specific category of cultural heritage which functions as a mediator of historical memory with a clear reference to the contradictory character of Napoleon Bonaparte. His dizzying life story, which surprised and shocked the society at the same time, has been presented in numerous collections of castles and other manor residences for many centuries. Among the major historical events that influenced the collecting of these artefacts in the historical lands of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia, besides military successes of Coalition in the Battle of Aspern and other battles in recent years of the Napoleonic wars, was also the marriage of the Emperor Napoleon I with the Austrian Archduchess Marie Louise, the factual alliance of the Austrian and French Imperial Houses. These events, their main actors and other participants, whether standing alongside or against France, provided artists with a variety of themes for their artistic interpretation. The birth of the successor of the French throne, the legitimate descendant of the Habsburg and Bonaparte dynasty, with the newly established title of the Roman King, meant one of the decisive inspirational impulses for the world of art and period iconography. Renowned events attended by the members of both Imperial Houses and the Czech nobility are still commemorated in iconography on a number of objects in château collections currently managed by the National Heritage Institute in the Czech Republic. These collections also preserved items from Napoleon's inheritance which were perceived by their former owners and noble collectors as relics or curiosities and, at the same time, a trace of great history, reminded in their ancestral memory.

"TITLE: Saxon Army of the Austrian War of Succession and Seven Years War: SUB-TITLE: Uniforms Organisation and Equipment PUBLISHED: January 2012 AUTHOR: Dr Stephen Summerfield PUBLISHER: Ken Trotman Publishing ISBN No.: 978-1-907417-26-9 "This is the first detailed record of the uniforms, equipment, flags, horse furniture and campaign history for the Saxon Army 1740-63. Drawing from a multitude of sources, Stephen Summerfield has created the most complete study ever attempted, making this a valuable companion to his best selling volumes on the Austrian Army of the Seven Years War and his Saxon Artillery 1733-1827. The Saxons enjoyed a fascinating but checkered career in the War of the Austrian Succession, disastrously changing sides from Prussia to Austria. Despite most of the army being captured in Pirna at the start of the Seven Years War (1756-63), the Saxons raised an Auxiliary Corps of 10,000 infantry that fought bravely under French pay and their magnificent light cavalry (Chevauleger and Ulan) that fought with the Austrians. As with his Austrian volumes, Stephen deals with the army unit by unit: Guard, Infantry, Grenadier, Cuirassier, Chevauleger, Dragoon, Hussar and Polish Ulan regiments including a record of their Colonels-in-Chief. The work draws upon most of the major sources on Saxon uniforms of the Seven Years War. The 450+ colour illustrations include 215 of uniforms after Brauer, Knötel, Eichhorn, and Trache plus 66 flags/standards, 65 uniform/equipment details, 15 OOBs and 30 Tables. In addition, this new volume provides a detailed study and plans of the advanced Saxon Geschwindstück [quick fire guns.]""

Pages: 192 including 10 colour plates by Gerry Embleton and 4 colour maps ISBN: 978-0-9563393-3-1 Price £20 for Paperback This is the second of a series of “Correspondence” books produced by “1815 Limited” to present translated transcripts exclusively from contemporary manuscripts so are distinct from other publications in that there are no footnotes. These are supplemented by an on-line subscription archive that over the next 5 years will encompass all participants in the Waterloo campaign. The first of two volumes on the Hanoverian and Kings German Legion (KGL) has been taken from 49 original manuscripts held in the Niedersächsisches Hauptstaatarchiv in Hanover. The second volume on the Hanoverians will be taken from printed sources and should be out in April 2011. The KGL was formed after Hanover had been overrun by the French in 1803. In 1814, the Hanoverian Army was reformed from selected cadres from the veteran KGL, new drafts and former soldiers that had fought for Napoleon. In 1815, there was not enough time to reintegrate the KGL that had fought so well in the Peninsular. Most of the KGL infantry battalions were less than 300 men strong and had 6 rather than 10 companies. According to Captain Adolphus Hesse 2nd KGL Line Battalion had 21 officers, 25 sergeants and 302 other ranks. [p46] The 5th KGL Line Battalion was reduced to only 5 companies with 24 officers, 17 sergeants and 291 other ranks after detachments according to Adjutant Wilhelm Wilhelm Walther. [p76] There are 22 KGL and 27 Hanoverian manuscripts presented in this high quality paperback. A quarter of the accounts in the book (12) are after action reports, half of which were by the brigade commanders and a further one by the commander of the 5th British Division. Two thirds (22 plus another 10 with no date give) relate to the general order dated 28 October 1824 that requested reports from officers still serving in the Hanoverian Army upon the Waterloo campaign. In 1835, Commander in Chief of the British Army, Lord Hill, requested information on the role of the KGL and Hanoverian Battalions to assist the construction of the Waterloo Model being made by Lieutenant Siborne. He was assisted by Major and Assistant Quartermaster-General Carl Jacobi who had served as a Captain in the Lüneberg Light Infantry Battalion. The report is given in full and is a very clear account of the campaign involving the Hanoverians and KGL by brigade and even by unit [see pp9-33]. The translator gives reference to the 8 maps that were submitted with the report which alas were not reproduced. [p33] This report for its clarity is probably worth buying the book alone. Another three accounts were written about 1840 and the final one in 1854. Many of the letters and reports in edited form had been published in German by Dr. Julius von Pflugk-Harttung in his 1915 book entitled Belle-Alliance (Verbündetes Heer): Berichte und Angaben über die Beteiligung deutscher Truppen der Armee Wellingtons an dem Gefechte bei Quatre Bras und der Schlacht bei Belle-Alliance. This important book has become a standard work among German speaking historians though almost unknown elsewhere. John Franklin by accessing the original papers in the Niedersächsisches Hauptstaatarchiv in Hanover was able to correct the errors and misidentification that Pflugk-Hartung had made in 1915 in his German edition. About half of the KGL and Hanoverian letters were left unidentified. John Franklin has for the first time attributed to each report or letter to a person. Many of the documents were not reproduced in full and according to John Franklin, the most important were the omissions in the Carl Jacobi manuscript that he has reproduced in full. Closing comments The attached appendix has been compiled by the reviewer to give the reader a full outline of the book contents by unit type rather than order of battle as used in the “Correspondence” Series. The reviewer has proposed approximate dates to those that are not dated and the ranks have been added as they were on the day of the battle. There are a few places that the layouts seem a little confused and it is unclear why they are in a larger font and not indented as I assume they are part of the report [see pp39-40, pp82-83, p86 etc..] and the captions of the illustrations are at the top rather than the academic convention of being below. These are very minor issues that I would expect with further books will be remedied. The book is an important addition to literature on Waterloo as it shows the undigested accounts that are the important raw material for the historian or enthusiast to understand the role of the Hanoverians and KGL at Waterloo especially the much neglected artillery where only Mercer RA seems to be the only allied artilleryman quoted by modern historians. This is shown by the extract examples that I have taken with my explanatory notes. The simple transcript style may not suite everybody but the serious researcher will enjoy this blank canvass approach as being the next best thing to visiting the archives themselves. This book is recommended to the historian, re-enactor and wargamer who will enjoy the fascinating accounts especially the overview report by Carl Jacobi. Reviewed by Dr Stephen Summerfield, Loughborough University 5 November 2010