Mythology

The Indo-aryans of ancient India observed stars and constellations for ascertaining auspicious times in order to conduct sacrificial rites ordained by vedas. It is but natural that they would have recounted in the vedic texts about comets. In Rigveda (∼ 1700 -1500 BC) and Atharvaveda (∼ 1150 BC), there are references to dhumaketus and ketus, which stand for comets in Sanskrit. Rigveda mentions a fig tree with roots held up in the sky (Parpola 2010). Could it have been inspired by the hirsute appearance of a comet's tail? Varahamihira in 550 AD and Ballal Sena (∼ 1100 -1200 AD) have described a large number of comets recorded by ancient seers such as Parashara, Vriddha Garga, Narada, Garga, etc. In this article, I conjecture that an episode narrated in Mahabharata of a radiant king, Nahusha, ruling the heavens, and later turning into a serpent after he had kicked the seer Agastya (also the star Canopus), is a mythological retelling of a cometary event.

Reflective practice is a frequently used but inadequately defined concept in nursing. This may be attributed to the inadequate conceptualisation of the process of reflection. This paper agreed that now is an appropriate time to critically examine the notion of reflective practice and maintains that there is a need for more robust debate and research into the nature of reflection in nursing. Although reflective practice has been identified as a valuable tool to help nurses recognise their own strengths and weaknesses, even though many still find it difficult to embrace. This article dispels some of the myths surrounding reflective practice and offers examples on how it can benefit nurses both on personal and professional level. The study however observed that reflective practice is associated with learning from experience, and is viewed as an important strategy for health professionals who embrace lifelong learning. This paper extensively examined the attraction of reflective practic...

Not many people know about the causal history of phenomenology other than tautologies, which raises more questions than helps find such answers. One of these phenomena is the existence of the myth of Prince Samudro on Mount Kemukus, Sragen. To find out the intellectual values or messages in the myth of Prince Samudro, the method used is the Levi Strauss structural approach and a combination of historical explanation, Verstehen method, conflict theory, and Lyotard’s critique of thought. Research on the myth covers several aspects of life, including intellectual mythology, moral values, norms, teachings, philosophy, mandate, functions, and benefits. In this study, the researcher takes one of the aspects above, namely the intellectual values in the myth of Prince Samudro on Mount Kemukus. This study finds that in the mythical story of Prince Samudro on Mount Kemukus, there is a historical mystery that invites pros and cons. On the one hand, pilgrimage procedures must be done in earnest...

The Arjunawiwaha puppet play does not only convey discourse on Arjuna’s attempt to meditate on Mount Indrakila, but there is an ulterior motive behind it. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe the hidden motives contained in the Arjunawiwaha puppet play by Ki Nartosabdo. This research includes literary research in the form of qualitative descriptive with collection techniques, namely content analysis. Michel Foucault's theory of knowledge power discourse is applied in this study to see the implicit motives in the Arjunawiwaha story. In his hermitage, Arjuna received two divine gifts, first, the Pandavas would excel in the great war of Bharatayuda and the Pandavas would become rulers in the country of Astina; second, Arjuna received the gift of Batara Guru in the form of an arrow named Kyai Pasupati. The hidden motive in the Arjunawiwaha puppet play is due to the basic human psychic impulses that the researcher identifies as the motive for power hiding in the motive...

IJRP 14: Full Issue Table of Contents Evan Torner, Sarah Lynne Bowman, and William J. White -- "Editorial: Transformative Play Seminar 2022: Role-playing, Heritage, and Culture" This special issue is the second of a two-part series collecting the short articles presented during the Transformative Play Initiative Seminar, held at Uppsala University Campus Gotland in Visby, Sweden on October 20-21, 2022. "Statement by Mohamad Rabah" The statement reveals why the keynoter from Palestine was unable to attend the seminar in Visby due to a delayed visa approval by the Swedish Embassy in Israel. The statement emphasizes the importance of play as a tool for hope for young children, but also its limitations in the face of oppression. Weronika Szatkowska, "The People: A Serious Role-playing Game Designed to Address a Humanitarian Crisis" This article presents a case study of a serious role-play game called The People. The game was created as a response to the mig...

The article is dedicated to a narrative element that can be found in a number of texts featuring Nadezda Durova, we refer to it as an episode with a snake. The article hypothesizes that the episode is a mythologeme that has several meanings. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were made regarding the episode with a snake: it refers to an ancient Greek myth of Hercules’s childhood; it appears as an allusion to the biblical legend of the serpent­adversary; it acts as an allegorical image of the enemy conquest. Thus, in the studied number of texts featuring Durova the episode with a snake acquires significance of a mythologem, which in the context of her story denotes the initiation of the heroine.

The paper aims to see the contestation and struggle for discourse on sexuality and the female body in Cherita Pandawa Lima. This research is literature research that uses critical discourse analysis as an approach in analyzing literary texts. Critical discourse analysis is used to dismantle the presumptions and ideologies of patriarchal power that are stored in androcentric literary discourses. The data that will be identified and classified are aspects related to women's bodies and sexuality which are exploited and maintained through patriarchal culture. These data will be analyzed using a feminist literary criticism approach to dismantle the patriarchal ideology that is hidden behind the text and reconstruct it within the framework of feminism. By using Cheritera Pandawa Lima edited by Khalid Hussain as the main data, this study shows that the female characters in Cheritera Pandawa Lima are the main axis in the storyline, and even become one of the main myths that drive the oc...

My paper focuses on the influence of an important descent-into-hell narratives of classical literature, the catabasis of Orpheus on Dante's journey through the other world. Dante, in his own confession, is familiar with the Ovidian myth of the Thracian poet, but he is undoubtedly influenced also by other elaborations and interpretations of the myth. One of the aims of this work is to present and explore these sources. The special feature of Orpheus is that he is both poet and traveller of the underworld, and in this quality he turns out an unique Greek-Roman mythological antecedent of Dante. The other purpose of my analysis is to examine Dante's attitude with the comparison of Dante's texts and their possible sources, while taking into consideration the 14th century commentaries to Dante which shed light to the intellectual horizon of the contemporary reader.

Karnad has penned his plays in Kannada translated them into English. The play is based on the myth of ‘Cock of Dough’, which he came to know during his teenage. It deals with the theme of violence versus non-violence and Brahminism versus Jainism. The play is considered as a tribute to Mahatama Gandhi, the father of our Indian nation. The act of sacrificing animals and birds is an age-old tradition in Brahminism. They offer animals and birds to please and propitiate gods and goddesses. Buddhism and Jainism condemn violence in any form. The playwright takes up the issue of non-violence in a unique way. This paper talks about the Woman in the play Bali: The Sacrifice. It deals with concept of woman emancipating herself in questioning the patriarchal rules. Woman here raise her voice on the irrational traditional patriarchal acts in the name of religion.

Discovered in the mid 1990s, Karahan Tepe is a Pre-Pottery Neolithic site in a remote area of the Tektek Dağları (Tektek Mountains), situated some 37 kilometers (23 miles) east-southeast of the more well known site of Göbekli Tepe. Since 2019 excavations have revealed a series of installations dating from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A period (circa 9600-8800 BCE) through till the end of the Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B period (circa 8200-8000 BCE). The author reports on the layout and potential functionality of three interconnected bedrock structures focusing on their cultic symbolism and potential usage.

This article analysis forms of verbal abuse of cursing in myths of Balinese culture. The politeness of a language varies based on its speaker’s culture. Things that are considered polite or not polite in one culture, often associated with something that is respected, sacred, taboo, and/or hidden, such as, beliefs of its ancestors, parents, supernatural beings, as well as body parts that were respected or hidden. Degrading, cursing, swearing, and mocking acts appeared to be the contrary of language politeness. Therefore, both politeness and verbal violence are closely related to the culture of its speakers. In relation to the Balinese culture, some verbal violence applied in some of the Balinese myths. The verbal violence found in myth can be grouped into two types, which were first in the form of threats and second, in the form of curse-shaped. Based on the data found, the verbal abuses of curses found in the myth were of difficult childbirth, child expulsion, misfortune, and pickin...

Il est sans doute difficile d'imaginer qu'un lecteur médiéval, face à l'Ecloga Theoduli, ait pu se poser sérieusement la question de savoir qui gagnerait un débat organisé entre le porte-parole du mensonge païen et la voix de la vérité chrétienne. Cette pastorale pourrait donc offrir une vue critique de la mythologie, aussi claire que la condamnation sans appel d'Augustin dans plusieurs développements de la Cité de Dieu. Et pourtant, ce texte prête encore à discussion sur de nombreux points, non seulement dans le détail mais aussi dans sa conception d'ensemble. L'oeuvre a de fait servi, tout au long du moyen âge, de dictionnaire de la mythologie antique, mais at -elle pu être écrite dans ce but ? Quel est finalement le statut de la mythologie aux yeux de l'auteur ? Dans ce débat dont les grandes pistes ont déjà été bien balisées, je voudrais proposer simplement ici quelques

Introduction The ritual visitation of ancestors to the world of the living comes up every other year at Ode Irele. This performance sums up the ritual segment that attends Olofungbogho. The performance may be limited to the ritual arena and may include the road leading to the grove as in the case of the ritual segment prelude to the performance of Ojoyejusu (Yam Feast) when the scapegoat known as Oluwen (The Carrier of Phenomenal Load) purifies the land and people through his redemptive submission. It has diplomatic undertone, as female members are restricted and could only communicate with the ancestors tactically.

The wave of digital spread in relation to festivals especially masquerades across the world may be the genesis of an emerging culture. It is not outlandish for viewers to be fascinated with such performances. Dwelling on the strength of the claim by Asha, et al (41) especially the claim on “myth as producer of culture”, it is not out of place that new myth may be fashioned particularly one that gives strength to the emergence of masquerades in the new world where the digital invasion is rife. This is because there is no point in time that new myths cannot be generated. It is equally true that the proponents of myths may not be conscious of the fact that they are engendering new myths at the outset but time and conscious devotion to the tenets of the new culture may enliven such myths to the point that they confer potency on the new practices. With the aid of aesthetics as a theoretical standpoint, the paper concludes that what was earlier restricted in terms of locale and audience m...

The Sufi saints, Ulemas and Mashaikhs always had an important place in the history of mankind. These Sufi saints belong to different tariqas but their basic belief has been same and that is “oneness of Allah”. A tariqa is a school of thought or a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices with the intention of seeking the ultimate truth. The history of Moinuddin Chishti, the Sufi saint of Ajmer is much mired in mythology. Therefore, it is often infuriating to shift fact from friction. Loveable and the legends declare Moinuddin Chishti a great saint, many are curious to know why he is considered to be so. This paper explores why Moinuddin Chisti is considered greater above all in the Chishti tariqa. In addition to this, this paper also explores the socio-legal services of Moinuddin Chishti for Muslim world generally and for Rajasthan particularly.

Delve into the comparative of Brazen Buffoon vis-à-vis Sacred Clown? Subtitle:  Fools' Dance as Tricksters' Divine Deception.

"Prometheus, that potter who gave shape to our new generation, decided one day to sculpt the form of Veritas (Truth) [Aletheia], using all his skill so that she would be able to regulate people's behavior. As he was working, an unexpected summons from mighty Jupiter [Zeus] called him away. Prometheus left cunning Dolus (Trickery) in charge of his workshop, Dolus had recently become one of the god's apprentices. Fired by ambition, Dolus (Trickery) used the time at his disposal to fashion with his sly fingers a figure of the same size and appearance as Veritas (Truth) [Aletheia] with identical features. When he had almost completed the piece, which was truly remarkable, he ran out of clay to use for her feet. The master returned, so Dolus (Trickery) quickly sat down in his seat, quaking with fear.

Prometheus was amazed at the similarity of the two statues and wanted it to seem as if all the credit were due to his own skill. Therefore, he put both statues in the kiln and when they had been thoroughly baked, he infused them both with life: sacred Veritas (Truth) walked with measured steps, while her unfinished twin stood stuck in her tracks. That forgery, that product of subterfuge, thus acquired the name of Mendacium [Pseudologos, Falsehood], and I readily agree with people who say that she has no feet: every once in a while, something that is false can start off successfully, but with time Veritas (Truth) is sure to prevail."

E tanulmány kifejezetten politikatudományi és politikafilozófiai karakterrel bír. A címének megfelelően szembeállítja a regnáló hatalom keresztény nacionalista patriotizmusát a valódi, tudományos szempontból hiteles patriotizmussal. Miután a keresztény nacionalista platform eszmetörténeti-történelmi gyökereit megvizsgáltam, az Annual Political Science egy cikke alapján bevezetem az ún. "polgári nacionalizmus" kifejezést, szembeállítva az "etnikai nacionalizmussal", majd levonom a megfelelő következtetést.

De nombreux auteurs soulignent aujourd’hui la « résurgence » du mythe dans notre société contemporaine et notamment dans le domaine politique (Durand, 2002). Bien plus, les discours de type mythique commencent à gagner du terrain dans le milieu académique, comme ne manquent pas de le remarquer certains chercheurs (Rastier 2021). Or, ni la linguistique du discours ni la sémiotique ne se sont vraiment penchées sur la caractérisation des dynamiques formelles du mythe et de ses interprétations. Si la sémiologie de Ferdinand de Saussure a été définie comme « la formation et la transformation des signes et de leurs sens » (Naville, 1901), alors une enquête sémiotique du mythe doit s’attaquer à la formation et à la transformation du mythe compris comme système de signification ou comme « institution sociale », en relation avec les « langues naturelles » et le reste des institutions. Cet article, s’inscrivant dans cette problématique générale, relit les propositions d’Hermann Usener sur la ...

Le roman populaire repose sur la figure du héros, d’ascendance mythique, ainsi que sur la reconnaissance, l’identification et la satisfaction du lectorat. La Dame de Monsoreau transgresse toutes les règles du genre : la reconnaissance, l’identification et la satisfaction sont impossibles face à l’absence d’un héros véritablement populaire. Cet article propose de repenser les paramètres du « para-littéraire », un genre ici garanti par le déplacement du mythe : ce n’est pas la nature du héros ou le syncrétisme mythique, présent à la surface du texte, mais un réseau cohérent de références à Bacchus aux niveaux narratifs et discursifs qui assure la collaboration du public.

Cet article propose un mode d’enseignement du mythe littéraire à des apprenants en Français Langue Etrangère. Tenant compte de la barrière linguistique, du profil des étudiants et de l’immense corpus du mythe littéraire, il suggère un moyen de faire « entrer » les apprenants dans ce dernier : par le héros. Après avoir restreint la définition du mythe en insistant sur le rôle essentiel du personnage central, il avance une approche théorique basée sur les discussions de cours et sur les travaux écrits. This article offers a way of teaching the literary myth to French as a Second Language students. As it takes into account the language barrier, the learners’ profiles and the vast corpus of the literary myth, it suggests a medium to make students « enter » the myth. : through the hero. While insisting on the essential role of the central character, this article reduces the definition of the literary myth, and it offers a theoretical approach, which is based on class discussions and writ...

Comparative religion is a field of study through which views of various religions about a particular topic or sets of topics can be collated, interpreted, and systematically compared for attaining useful insights and broadening the understanding of religious beliefs, behaviors, and actions [i]. The current research furthers the study of comparative religion by elaborating the conceptions or myths related to eclipses as found in various religions and cultures in the world. Written as a narrative literature review, it aims to collate these conceptions and opinions for comparative analysis. In this paper, we have studied the ‘myths’ and ‘mythology’ of the religions and cultures spread across Australia, Asia, the Americas, Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. It is found that some common themes exist in the beliefs held by various people and religions. However, if we compare these themes with each other, they are found to be considerably different indicating that they have not come from...