Medieval ceramics (Archaeology)

Las industrias de materiales ceramicos y arquitectonicos emplean diferentes tecnicas de marcado con dos aplicaciones clasicas, para identificacion y decoracion de piezas elaboradas. La utilizacion de tecnicas laser para estos propositos se viene implementando de forma creciente, debido a las ventajas que presenta respecto al horneado convencional: la concentracion del calor solo en la zona irradiada, lo que conlleva un menor consumo de energia sin afectar significativamente el resto de la pieza; se obtienen patrones graficos de alta resolucion espacial; permite introducir cambios durante el proceso sin requerir largas paradas, y la generacion de residuos es minima o casi nula. En este estudio se presentan los resultados obtenidos en el vidriado con laser Nd:YAG (l=1064 nm) sobre las superficies esmaltadas de azulejos, las cuales fueron previamente recubiertas con pigmento ceramico negro de cobalto y un barniz constituido por este mismo pigmento y frita boracica. Con el laser operand...

As a material, glass has been linked with knowledge and skill mastery for at least three millennia, reflecting the use of traditional tools and technologies inherited from the past. The history of glass speaks of know-how, technological transitions, and contaminations among preferences and raw materials. An increase in the awareness of traditional knowledge underlying the tradition of glass manufacturing has recently been observed with the inscription of the art of Venetian glass beads on the UNESCO list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, which has been recognized as a repository of knowledge and mastery of skills, reflecting the use of traditional tools and technologies inherited from the past. However, the potential that glass holds to rediscover the flows and exchanges of technological knowledge in the past has only been explored marginally, and issues linked to the intangible values and the socio-cultural significance of glass are still only sporadically addressed. Thi...

This paper provides a short but comprehensive survey of the 12th–13th-century burnished pottery. The base of our
research comprises the archaeological material of two sites: the 12th–13th-century settlement part excavated inside
the walls of Buda and the settlement at Orosháza-Bónum. We put much emphasis into finding the origins of the
pottery type in question, including visiting museums in other countries and viewing their collections. We are still
tracing the type’s connections to the Balkans, but may safely state already that all specimens found in Hungary
were imported. The provenance and presence of burnished vessels can be linked to historical events in the last
third of the 12th century, the external relations of the Hungarian Kingdom, and the directions of the trade routes.
We considered it essential to draw attention to the differences in surface treatment, the diversity of forms, and
the appearance of new forms. Finally, we wish to call attention to the decoration of the pottery types appearing
together with burnished ware.

Il presente lavoro si è focalizzato sugli indicatori materiali dei cicli di produzione agricola di età bassomedievale in Italia centro-settentrionale al fine di ottenere una prima sintesi dei dati archeologici ad ora editi. Quanto raccolto ha reso possibile una prima lettura delle fonti archeologiche alla luce delle più recenti ricostruzioni storiche, permettendo non solo di tracciare un primo bilancio ma anche di individuare ulteriori prospettive e nuovi percorsi di indagine.   This paper is meant to establish a first resuming step about the current state of art concerning some among the material markers referring to the scope of such agrarian management features during the later Middle Ages as agricultural tools, bread ovens and wine pressing devices. After a presentation of the examined artifacts made according both to agronomic and ethnographic sources, a classification has been provided with up-to-date confrontations through scientific literature exempla. The amount of collecte...

A large amount of everyday life artefacts was found at the site of a late medieval village on the site of Stari Perkovci – Sela in east Croatia. Imported tableware, combined with finds of equestrian equipment, indicate the possible presence of members of an upper social class, in contrast to what was common in the rural environment. The buildings in the part of the village that was investigated does not show any structural differences that could indicate a diverse social stratification. Only the household and personal items suggest the presence of an upper class in an all-peasant environment. Similar finds from other sites of rural complexes juxtaposed with castles or monasteries as places of high status that have been studied point to a topic that has not been addressed in Croatian archaeological research, namely the material evidence of the existence of lower gentry.

The article presents samples of ceramic of the early Iron Age, found on the Khudutepe settlement in the
Jalilabad district. In the course of archaeological excavations and during collecting of surface fi nds the so
called «Palace pottery» of the Urartian state was discovered. «Palace pottery» («Toprakkale wares», «Van
shards», «Bianili ceramics») – a term is used for monochromic ceramic wares (usually red burnished, bright
cherry-coloured with a polished surface, made on a potter's wheel) of the Urartian state. The wares were found
exclusively in fortresses, in small quantities, and belonged to the items, that were probably used, mainly, by
the elite of the Urartian society. «Toprakkale wares» constituted just 5% of the total ceramic items of the Urartian
state. Eight fragments of ceramic vessels of various shapes and purposes represent the materials. They
probably belonged to two bowls, a cup/goblet, two trefoil jugs, two globular vessels. It should be noted, that
ceramics of this kind are found for the fi rst time in the southeastern region of Azerbaijan. Probably, «Bianili
ceramics», revealed at Khudutepe, came here from the Urartian fortress in the territory of modern northwestern
Iran, and it was a prestigious object for the local nobility, as presents and/or off erings and as pottery of one or
another purpose. The fi nds of «Palace pottery» of the Urartian state confi rm the ties of the ancient population
of Azerbaijan with the Middle Eastern "Great Power" of that time.

Heel wat water vloeide door Zenne en Dijle sinds de vroegste graafwerken in de Mechelse Sint-Romboutskathedraal, nauwelijks een eeuw terug, en het recente archeologisch onderzoek van de Grote Markt, Veemarkt en het Minderbroederklooster.In het zog van een lange traditie aan archeologische verenigingen en voor een alerte bevolking werd in 2004 het onwaarschijnlijke bewaarheid: de oprichting van een stedelijke dienst Archeologie zonder eigen stadsarcheoloog: een uitdaging waar Bart Robberechts, Liesbeth Troubleyn, Raf Ribbens en Frank Kinnaer intussen met succes vaste vorm aan gaven.Na een blitse start in 1952, in de schaduw van het Steen, belandde het stadsarcheologisch onderzoek in de Scheldestad voor lange jaren in de spreekwoordelijke steeg.De ruim 400 publicaties wijzen immers ook tegelijk op de keerzijde van de medaille: archeologie gelieerd met museale werking en niet met ruimtelijke ordening.Sinds 1995 vonden archeologie en monumentenzorg elkaar in de huidige Stadsontwikkeling...

Im Jahr 2010 wurde bei Bauarbeiten im Areal des Basler Waisenhauses eine kleinere Gruppe von Gräbern entdeckt, die anhand von wenigen Beigaben mit einiger Wahrscheinlichkeit in das zweite Viertel des 5. Jahrhunderts datiert. Mit dem Fund dieser Gräber liegt für die Epoche der Spätantike in Basel erstmals eine Gruppe von Bestattungen vor, die eine zivile rechtsrheinische Siedlungstätigkeit ausserhalb der bekannten Befestigungsanlagen in der ersten Hälfte des 5. Jahrhunderts anzeigt.

Für die kartographische Aufnahme der Töpferei von Nordost-Ungarn im 10.-13. Jahrhundert wurde eine kleinere Arbeitsgruppe im Jahre 2004 gegründet. Mária Wolf bearbeitete dabei das Keramikmaterial des Gespannschaftszentrums von Borsod und ich habe die Keramikfunde dieser Region aus vier Fundstellen mit unterschiedlicher geographischer Natur nach archäologischen Aspekten untersucht. Die petrographischen Analysen wurden von György Szakmány und Veronika Szilágyi (ELTE TTK Lehrstuhl für Petrographie-Geochemie) gemacht. In diesem Beitrag präsentiere ich die archäologische Interpretation der petrographischen Analysen von 32 ausgewählten Proben aus den Siedlungen des 10- 13. Jahrhunderts von Mezőkeresztes, Felsözsolca und Hejőkürt. Vorwiegend entstanden die neuen Ergebnisse anlässlich der Analysen von Grundstoff und Magerung. Im allgemeinen kann man feststellen, dass in der Frühárpádenzeit hauptsächtlich daselbst geförderter und ungereinter Ton verwendet wurde. Er wurde ohne Magerungsmateri...

As early as the late Middle Ages, the tiled stove was used as a source of heating, albeit only in the most prestigious settings. Late medieval stove tiles have been found in very few places in Stockholm and mainly in high-status environments. The recent excavations at Slussen have uncovered several new finds of medieval stove tiles. During the 15th century, exclusive tiles of the same type were produced in Central Europe. However, 19th-century finds of matrices, indicate that there may have been a domestic production of exclusive tiles as early as the end of the 15th century. The earliest written record of a potter in Stockholm dates to 1479, and thus a local production of stove tiles is probable as well. However, whether the late medieval tiles were imported or made locally from imported matrices has not yet been established. A recent ICP analysis of the clay in medieval stove tiles found at Slussen has now ascertained their provenance to both Stockholm and Uppsala. The results can further contribute to the discussion on trade and crafts exchange in Hanseatic Europe.

During the excavations in the byzantine city of Amorium, which are conducted from the year of 1988 systematically, two iron swords were recovered from the Trench XA of the Enclosure, which is located in the Lower City and from the Trench A4 of the Lower City Church respectively. The sword from the Trench XA of the Enclosure is saved integral while the sword from the Trench A4 of the Lower City Church is in fragmentary condition. Both swords have been dated in the Middle Byzantine Period and belong to the wide typology of the ring pommeled swords, judging from the shape of their pommel. Examining the hilt of the sword from the Trench A4 of the Lower City Church a cross-guard that belongs to the wider typology of the so-called ‘’sleeved or cuffed type guard’’ has been detected. Apart from the typological examination, the ring pommeled swords from Amorium raise useful conclusions about the characterization of the locations which these swords were found and together with the evaluation ...

The present paper examines the ceramic assemblage from the excavation of the Complex of Santa Maria del Pozzo in Somma Vesuviana. Although the complex is of great historical-archaeological importance, it was never an object of stratigraphic excavation in the past. In 2015, the new excavation activities uncovered a large quantity of ceramics covering a wide chronological range from the Late Antique to the Modern period with high attestation of Medieval and Post-medieval productions discussed in this paper. In particular, the analysis of Medieval pottery provided significant information on the chronology of the site and clarified several aspects of the regional exchange network and pottery supply in Medieval Campania through the identification of various ceramic productions.

La ciudad de Barcelona fue un importante centro de produccion ceramico peninsular, muy especialmente a partir del siglo XV. Se ha estudiado detalladamente la evolucion del producto, pero no la de los productores, del proceso de aprendizaje y de las relaciones urbanas que se establecieron entre los alfareros y el gobierno municipal. Barcelona, al igual que otros centros productores, tuvo una realidad compleja, como tambien se observa para los casos de Sevilla, Manises o Lleida. Realizaremos una breve presentacion de la distribucion del gremio de alfareros, su organizacion y la participacion en el gobierno local. Con nuestra comunicacion, pues, pretendemos aproximarnos a la realidad social del gremio de ceramistas de Barcelona en su complejidad y diversidad. Con este objetivo, nos valdremos de la documentacion de la Biblioteca del Museu de la Ceramica de Barcelona, del Arxiu Historic de la Ciutat de Barcelona y del Arxiu Historic de Protocols de Barcelona.

Kadin arastirmalari icinde, Bizans kadinin toplumsal, siyasal, ibadet icindeki rolune iliskin pek cok irdeleme yapilmistir. Calismalar yazili kaynaklarin yani sira ozellikle anitsal duvar resmi ile kitap resmi, kucuk obje uzerinden yapilan degerlendirmelerle gorsellestirilmis ve zenginlestirilmistir. Bu makalede kadin figuru ile bezeli seramik malzeme uzerindeki veriler gozlenmek istenmistir. Yuzey ve kazi arastirmalarindan edindigimiz bilgilere paralel olarak, kadin figuru tasiyan oldukca az sayida yayinli buluntu ile karsilasilmistir. Yine de, seramik gibi ucuz ve orta halli aliciya hitap eden urundeki kadin figurlerinin; imparatorluk kadinlari ve yuksek standartta yasanti kesitlerine konu olmaktan cok, evlilik, olu hediyesi,  adak amacli temel fonksiyonlari anlamlandirmak uzere kullanildiklari ve cok sematik cizildikleri fikri edinilmistir.

The article contains the findings of geoarchaeological research conducted by means of geoinformatics, related to various aspects of territory occupied in early Middle Ages by the so-called Cherven Towns. The issues presented in the publication concern the complex aspect of the borderland between Poland and the Rurik Rus during the formation of these two monarchies. The main objectives include: presenting the diverse time of strongholds’ use over the centuries within the early medieval borderland of south-eastern Poland, demonstrating the relationships between them, as well as visualizing the research findings by means of geoinformatics tools, based on geoarchaeological data. The article presents maps and visualizations that can help understand how medieval societies functioned. These maps and visualizations have been developed by means of GIS and graphical software. Data was verified by means of field research carried out in 2021 directly on the selected fortified settlements. The r...

ÉCOLE FRANÇAISE DE ROME_ Silvia Berrica; Nadine Schibille

Colloque Le forme del vetro. Tecnologie a confronto. Produzioni vitree e invetriate in Sicilia, Italia peninsulare e al-Andalus tra IX e XII secolo
Partenaires : Università degli studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Orient & Méditerranée, CNRS, UMR 8167

Ceramics have been essential in the domestic sphere and their production has undergone in the preindustrial era technological and cultural changes whose importance is obvious. This paper is to show in a very concise way how the production of European glazed ceramics underwent three phases of intense transformation of useful knowledge related to its production, with a successive accumulation leading to increasingly efficient results and a higher level of productivity. Moreover, it can be safely stated that, without this accumulation, the great progress of the 19th century in this area would have been impossible.

Статья посвящена выяснению состава средневековых восточных импортов из г. Нижнего Новгорода и памятников его ближайшей сельской округи. Целью исследования является установление местного ассортимента инвентаря, привезённого из Золотой Орды и стран Востока. Показано распределение соответствующих находок по территории города, отмечен их хронологический контекст. Предложено объяснение приуроченности периода наиболее активного поступления восточного инвентаря в земли Северо-Восточной Руси к середине – второй половине XIV в. В качестве главных предпосылок этого явления предложено рассматривать кризис международной торговли в Иране, странах Причерноморья, Средней Азии, проявившийся уже в 40-е гг. XIV в., и появление к этому времени значительного числа потенциальных потребителей иноземных товаров в русских княжениях.

Статья посвящена выяснению периодизации посудной керамики Старого Посада города Касимова. В результате исследований было выделено 3 керамических группы. Первая группа датируется второй половиной XII – началом XIII вв., орнамент, как правило, – линейный. Вторая группа сложилась в промежутке второй половины XIII – начала XV вв., сосуды украшены разреженным линейно-волнистым или линейным орнаментом, и первая вторая группа сделаны из беложгущейся глины. Третья группа датируется второй половиной XV – серединой XVI вв. В ней выделяеются три традиции: первая представлена белоглиняными горшками с линейным орнаментом, вторая представлена фрагментами белоангобированных кумганов из красножгущейся глины, она соотносится с продукцией московских мастерских, третья традиция – керамика хорошего обжига насыщенного коричневато-красного цвета, украшенная лощением, связана с продукцией гончаров Средней Волги. Четвёртая группа датируется второй половиной XVI–XVII вв., это белоглиняная посуда коломенског...

The representative items, suitable for further study and exhibition, were selected for the monograph
dealing with subjects from the depository of building details at the Faculties of Civil Engineering in Ostrava
and Žilina. The items were classified according to architectural history and the development of the building
they originate from. The examination of some items had to be directed on the connections which are
sometimes quite wide. The tiny, oak-leaf-ornamented tile fragment was impossible to date separately. It
was not possible to do it using knowledge of the building´s developmentś it required extensive comparisons
from Czech and Central European countries to prove that the tile types are connected with medieval
architecture of the 14th and 15th century. Similar approach was also required to examine the neo-Gothic
tiles from the castle in Hradec nad Moravicí. ůnalogies of the tiles are found in today's PolandĽ where the
Lichnovská family and the related (or otherwise tied) families have their estates. The follow-up examination
of supremely Gothic fragments from Sta􀄜íč was focused on their original decor. The analysis of colour
layers demonstrated the technology of applying decor using stencil patterns; the geometrical relations of its
construction were sketched out. Very important building details are opening fillings that are quickly replaced
with new pieces. Storing them in the depositories of constructional details seems to be of great importance
to preservation, due to the knowledge of their design and appearance. Windows from the 18th and 19th
centuryĽ collected in Slovakia and stored in the depository in ŽilinaĽ are valuable sources of information on
their development in Slovakia and suitable comparison for the production in Moravian and Silesian regions.
The research into selected documents on historic building constructions, still standing out of the interest in
scientific literature, such as bricks marked with stamps indicating the provenance (bricks from the castle in
Rychvald), or construction details that have lost their structural reason (a stone with an opening for a bell
rope in the tower).
The windows from the nave in the church of the Most Holy Body of Christ in Belá-Dulice are the valuable
findings of the three constructional stages that we were managed to get into a deposit. Baroque windows
from the Lutheran church in Vyšná Boca with preserved panels of cast glass are also valuable.
Essential items are the whole parts of the joint details from the trusses, several of which do not exist
anymore. There areĽ for instanceĽ the whole joint details from the classicist church in Kamenná PorubaĽ
elements from the Renaissance church in Horná LehotaĽ and decorative elements of the baroque roof from
the church in Čierny Váh. ůs for the ageĽ the elementsĽ dated from 140řĽ were got during the restoration of
the Gothic roof in the church of the Most Holy Body of Christ in Belá-Dulice.
The bricks from the wider surrounding, pieces of historic pavingĽ e.g. from the monastery in OkoličnéĽ and
the ceramic tiles from different periods are included in the depository collection.
The extensive depository material is a suitable teaching tool fitting into a new concept of subjects due to its
content. It may be used in teaching the subject "Historic Timber Structures" and other subjects dealing with
the building pathology.

La decouverte d’un depotoir domestique dans une fosse lors de travaux de restauration de l’Eglise des Precheurs a Arles, a livre plusieurs centaines d’objets, verres et ceramiques bien stratifies. Celles-ci datees entre le XIIIe et le XVe siecle montrent la diversification des vaisselles importees du Maghreb, d’Italie et d’Espagne dans ce port fluvial. Les faiences regionales ainsi que la ceramique culinaire grise ou vernissee, rhodaniennes ou languedociennes, temoignent de la vie quotidienne a proximite du quartier juif.

Çobankale is a building located in the Altınova District of Yalova Province, a significant part of which has survived to the
present day. Clive Foss published the first research on the Çobankale. Archaeological excavations in the region were
initiated in 2017 under the direction of the Bursa Archaeology Museum. During the excavations in 2017 and 2018, as a
result of the complete cleaning of the inner castle, a cistern structure has been identified. In the 2019 season, excavations
were carried out in the cistern and its surroundings, In this paper, the Byzantine Glazed Pottery recovered during these
studies was analysed. 110 sherds were catalogued and 105 of them were classified under “Zeuxsippus Family Ware”.
3 bases and 1 amorphous body are polychrome incised decorated pieces, which resemble these ceramics but with
differences in paste characteristics. These vessels exhibit some characteristics of both the Zeuksippus Family Ware and
the group known as Polychrome Sgraffito Ware, suggesting that they may be transitional productions between the two
groups. It is deemed possible to date them to the late 13th century or the beginning of the 14th century, and it is suggested
that they should be subject to further discussion. Apart from this, only one ring base was found which is Glazed White
Ware. It has been determined that the ceramics used between the early 12th and 14th centuries are abundant in the
Çobankale ceramic findings

Praca porusza kwestię powstawania i ujawniania śladów różnych materiałów na najbardziej typowych powierzchniach: plastiku, metalu, papierze, drewnie oraz szkle. W pierwszej części zostało zdefiniowane pojęcie gantiskopii oraz podana typologia w materiałoznawstwie z uwzględnieniem materiałów wykorzystywanych do produkcji rękawiczek. Celem badania było ustalenie wpływu materiału i podłoża na powstały ślad, a także wskazanie generalnych zależności między śladami pozostawionymi przez poszczególne grupy materiałów: naturalnych, sztucznych i syntetycznych na wybranych powierzchniach. Praca prezentuje wyniki własnych badań eksperymentalnych, które zilustrowano fotografiami śladów różnych materiałów wraz z oceną otrzymanych odbitek ze wskazaniem na cechy indywidualne i grupowe.