Landscape History

Sota el titol "L'aigua a Catalunya", 1'Escola Tecnica Superior d'Enginyers de Camins, Canals i Ports de la Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya ha organitzat unes jornades interdisciplinaries que s'han dut a terme els dies 12 al 16 de juny de 1995 i en les quals s'ha debatut la problematica que presenta l'aigua en el nostre pais. Les ponencies han tractat els temes seguents: aspectes politics, infraestructures, xarxes de reg i aspectes mediambientals i socials. La qualitat cientifica i professional dels ponents i de les seves presentacions ha servit per aconseguir un interessant nivell de debat entre els assistents.

The paper seeks the historical roots of the b ackwardness of those areas on the Great Hungarian Plain where, despite their peripheric position and unfavourable agroecological features, monocultural grain production still dominates. Behind the arguments that justified the advance of grain (flood prevention, security of supply, surplus revenue), it explores those underlying but real forces (climate, overpopulation, price trends, land speculation) that, along with to waterway regulation, resulted in the shrinking of animal husbandry and the long-term emergence of an unprofitable economic system. Using historical statistical methods, the authors explore the features of the area in terms of demography, land use, and agricultural yields in the eighteenth century, how these justified the consequent transformations, and the ways in which such features changed due to the regulations. They analyse the advantages of grain production versus cattle breeding, as well as the impact of the monocultural turn, generated by outside forces, on the well-being, inequalities, and demographic relations of the local society and on the
ecological carrying capacity of the land, during the cereal boom and in the long run. After all, who paid the bills for the regulation of the Tisza river?

"If landscape is the secret agent and contested territory of the 20th century, then it also forms a lens and language on an increasingly deterritorialized world. Informed by systems thinking from the modern atomic age, this slim silver pamphlet emerges from the failure environmentalism and rise of ecology between the 1970s and 80s, taking inspiration from preeminent urban ecologist Howard T. Odum’s and his big green book A Tropical Rain Forest. Bringing alive the voices of influential thinkers and practitioners, this mini-manifesto exhumes a body of urban ideas buried in the fallout of the explosion of digitalism and deconstructivism in the early 1990s. What happened during this era—across design, from architecture to planning—is nothing short of revolutionary."

GOING LIVE
From States to Systems
(Pamphlet Architecture 35 - Princeton Architectural Press, 2015)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ISBN 978-1-61689-361-3

This edition features original content including correspondences with Keller Easterling, Sanford Kwinter, and James Corner. Selected contributions from: NOAA, Heidi Nepf, Kevin Frayer, NASA, Stuart Kauffman, Rosalind Williams, Susan Buck-Morss, Rem Koolhaas, Rick Prelinger, Howard T. Odum, TIME, Jacques Cousteau, Ludwig Hilberseimer, USGS, Frank Lloyd Wright, D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson, Abraham Lincoln.

Pamphlet Architecture Design Team: Martin Pavlinic, Mark Turibius Jongman-Sereno, Foad Vahidi, Danika Cooper.

www.pa35.net

Special thanks to the Publication Team at Princeton Architectural Press: Nicola Bednarek Brower, Janet Behning, Erin Cain, Megan Carey, Carina Cha, Tom Cho, Barbara Darko, Benjamin English, Jan Cigliano Hartman, Jan Haux, Lia Hunt, Mia Johnson, Valerie Kamen, Stephanie Leke, Diane Levinson, Jennifer Lippert, Kevin C. Lippert (Publisher), Jaime Nelson, Rob Shaeffer, Sara Stemen, Marielle Suba, Kaymar Thomas, Paul Wagner, Joseph Weston.

Sincere thanks to Keller Easterling, Sanford Kwinter, James Corner, Rosalind Williams, Stuart Kauffman, and Heidi Nepf for their contributions in this volume, as well as to David Carson (Ray Gun) for his inspiration in the layout and design. Additional gratitude to Charles Waldheim, Nina-Marie Lister, Chris Reed, Edward Eigen, Anita Berrizbeitia, Antoine Picon, Mohsen Mostafavi, Niall Kirkwood, Michael Hays, Patricia Roberts, Ashley Schafer, Todd Reisz, Kiel Moe, Sonja Dümpelmann, Neil Brenner, Bobby Pietrusko, Kelly Doran, Sergio Lopez-Pinerio, Peter Del Tredici, Luis Callejas, Rosetta Elkin, Andrea Hansen, Brad Cantrell, Silvia Benedito, staff at the Harvard Graduate School of Design (Jackie Piracini, Jen Swartout, Erica George, Caroline Newton, Sara Gothard), University of Toronto Faculty (George Baird, Robert Wright, Ted Kesik, Ed Fife, Larry Richards, Fred Urban, Brigitte Shim, Bruce Kuwabara), and friends Peter and Alissa North, Alexander Reford, Ricardo Pappini, Nazrudin Hiyate, Louis-Martin Villeneuve, Aliki Economides, and Luc Dandurand.

About Pamphlet Architecture
For thirty-seven years, Pamphlet Architecture's forward-thinking authors have challenged architecture's conventional wisdom with bold ideas enhanced by visually provocative design. With far-ranging topics including building and urban form, algorithms, machines, and music, each Pamphlet is unique to the individual or group that authors it. The groundbreaking trajectories and contemporary lines of thought provided by every new issue of Pamphlet is always rooted in the renowned history of the series itself. Giving voice to known and unknown authors alike, Pamphlet asks these practitioners and theorists to present their bold ideas in a manner as visually provocative as it is intellectually compelling. The competition for Pamphlet Architecture 35 offers an opportunity for architects, designers, theorists, urbanists, and landscape architects to produce a small manifesto for tomorrow. The competition winner, not announced at press time, reflects the rigor and excitement found throughout the competition's rich history. Thanks in large part to the generous support of the National Endowment for the Arts, staying true to this vision has allowed for Pamphlet’s legendary success—which has had influence far exceeding the ad-hoc nature of these humble books.

The Pamphlet Architecture Series was founded in 1978 by architects Steven Holl and William Stout as a venue for publishing the thoughts and works of a younger generation of architects. Each issue is written, illustrated, and designed by a single architect, which gives each its unique character. The series, which received an American Institute of Architects award, continues to influence new generations of architects as it disseminates new and innovative ideas on architecture and presents the work of the luminaries of tomorrow. Previous titles and authors include Steven Holl, Lebbeus Woods, Zaha Hadid, Lars Lerup, Luis Callejas, Mason White, and Lola Sheppard.

Available from Amazon.com
http://www.amazon.com/Pamphlet-Architecture-35-States-Systems/dp/1616893613

In the 1840s and 1850s, agrarian improvement provided the dominant theme within public discussions of Exmoor, both in terms of the strategies required to deliver it, and as a moral imperative, to elevate the moor, its flora and fauna, and even its human inhabitants from their ‘uncivilised’ condition. These calls continued to be published in the 1860s and early 1870s, but they were soon overtaken by a new public narrative, which emphasized the value of Exmoor’s ‘wildness’, and which also depicted the encroachment of agriculture as a threat. Paradoxically, perhaps, in an age of mass publication and transport, it soon became evident that the publicity given to Exmoor’s unspoilt beauty was beginning to attract large numbers of middle-class tourists, who also threatened to extinguish the ‘wildness’ of Exmoor with their own brand of intrusive modernity.

Painted in 1576, Jacopo Bassano’s 'The Flood of the Colmeda' commemorates a deluge that swept through the small town of Feltre, in the mountains to the north of Venice, in 1564. Drawing attention to aspects of 'The Flood of the Colmeda' that evoke period speculation about the potential human causes of flooding on the Venetian mainland, a topic of increasing concern during a period of aggressive agricultural and industrial expansion in Venetian territory, this article advances an ecocritical interpretation of the painting and of Bassano’s work, in general.

In a companion volume to the history of Cilfái, this book examines trhe management of the woodland areas of the hill and the environment and biodiversity that has developed since 1970 when the area was a polluted wasteland. Based on extensive surveys of the land over recent years, his book explores current issues and the challenges of climate change that are already affecting the biogeography of Cilfái (Kilvey) Hill. Describing landscape resilience and the challenges of environmental change through the lens of a small, but very significant Welsh woodland. Profusely illustrated with a series of detailed maps and annexes documenting woodland management planning, plants, bat and bird life on the hill. This is a record of the lands of Cilfái in the climate change summer of 2023. Author Nigel A Robins is a Geographer and author specialising in the historical geography of South Wales. He was a heritage analyst for UK Government and the Palace of Westminster and now researches ancient woodland, landscape history, environmental history and the application of GIS methods and techniques for local history.

El objetivo de esta comunicación es intentar ver a través de la documentación si hubo focos de atención dentro y fuera de La Liébana por parte de los monasterios preponderantes en la comarca (San Martín de Turieno y Santa María de Piasca), y también por parte de los individuos que aparecen en más de una ocasión en sus documentaciones. Por focos de atención entendemos los territorios, las zonas, por los que se observa un mayor interés por su adquisición o control en la documentación. También se verá cómo es descrito en ocasiones el paisaje de algunas de estas zonas en la documentación.

Las obras geograficas de Manuel Ancizar y Felipe Perez dan cuenta de la manera en la que la elite intelectual neogranadina se apropio y represento el aspecto fisico y humano de la nacion al inicio y final de la Comision Corografica (1850-1859). Un analisis comparativo de las obras mostrara la manera en la que la narracion literaria y la geografica influyen en la elaboracion de imaginarios territoriales para unificar la nacion y consolidar la identidad nacional a partir de la apropiacion territorial en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX

O presente trabalho discute três obras modernistas nas quais aparecem representações da espécie popularmente conhecida como vitória-régia, ou Victoria amazonica: o desenho Índia, feito por Anita Malfatti em 1917; dois textos de Mário de Andrade relacionados à viagem que o escritor fez à Amazônia em 1927; e a Praça de Casa Forte, projetada em 1935 por Roberto Burle Marx, na cidade de Recife. Recuperando a história dessa planta, cujo primeiro nome científico (Victoria regia) é uma homenagem à Rainha Vitória da Inglaterra, e os significados que ela adquire ao ser apropriada pelo imaginário modernista dos anos 1920 e princípios da década de 1930, o trabalho objetiva entender como os elementos da natureza (e, nesse caso, da flora brasileira) passam a fazer parte do processo que Antonio Candido chama de “desrecalque localista” – em que são rompidas as idealizações de movimentos anteriores como o Romantismo e o Naturalismo, com a incorporação à produção artística de elementos da cultura popular, afro-brasileira, indígena, etc., entre outros aspectos da sociedade brasileira antes ignorados ou vistos com constrangimento. O trabalho procura ainda relacionar as três obras, analisando o procedimento de transformação da vitória-régia em “flor nacional”, perpassado por debates em torno da “identidade nacional” e por diferentes posturas em relação à ideia de “civilização”.

The research dealing with ancient India, has put less emphasis on the ‘geographical thought’ and metaphysical context, which may be compared with the scientific notion of modern geography; some such examples are presented here. The Vedic sages, living close to nature were enlightened by the inherent messages that they communicated, taught, professed, and transferred to the seekers and followers through writings and sacred teachings. Among such thoughts, different attributes and dimensions are narrated; here the chosen ones included narrating the manifestation of the cosmos and human transcendence, illustrated with evolution and unity, the eternity of time, spirality of the cosmic rhythm, spiritual correspondences, the Mother Earth as Goddess, and some messages for the sustainable future are described in nutshell. Together with the physical order exists an invisible principle of order linking the human soul to the earth and further up to the stars. This way one can propose micro-, meso- and macro cosmos. The harmonic integrity in Cosmos Spirit Man has been a major issue of debate in ancient mythologies. Let us re-interpret, re-orient, and re-appraise the deep issues of Indian thought, so as to make the prophecy a reality.
Keywords: manifestation, eternity, transcendence, sacredscape, Kālī, Vedas, Purāṇas.

El cálculo de las cuencas visuales es una herramienta de planificación de obras y diseño del paisaje muy utilizado para determinar los mejores sitios para la instalación de la infraestructura o de toda otra modificación que se realice en el paisaje, de modo de facilitar su percepción o de mitigar los efectos visibles de las obras, según el caso. Se presenta un ejemplo de aplicación, se describen las técnicas de cálculo de las cuencas visuales y de los perfiles de relieve y visibilidad realizados sobre las líneas visuales para comprender los alcances de la clasificación de sitios en visibles o no visibles. Se discuten las limitaciones del método.

A full understanding of the concept of landscape plays a paramount role in sustainable management of natural resources and an increase of landscape studies. However, little is known about the concept of landscape, landscape research and its application in Ethiopia. Hence, the overall objective of this paper is to explore the concept of landscape and review available literatures on landscape research in Ethiopia and to identify research gaps. A questionnaire (n=30) was administered to explore the concept of landscape. A systematic review of available studies on landscape and related concepts has also been made. Out of the 398 papers in which the terms ‘landscape’ and ‘Ethiopia’ appeared in the title, keywords or abstract, 26 papers, having 10 or more keywords related to landscape research were included in this in-depth review. An exploratory study of art and media has been made to examine the perception of artists on landscapes. The results of the study show that the perception of Et...

Paper presented on the 20th session of the Permanent European Conference for the Study of the Rural Landscape (PECSRL).
Hard-fought battles for power took place over greens ad commons. Over time this led almost everywhere in Flanders to a gradual (but often disputed) decline of communally-used lands (and sometimes their disappearance) in the Ancien Régime. In the 19th century, the systematic neglect of traditional management frameworks and specific ownership regulations led to the disappearance of most greens and commons. This was a deliberate policy pursued by the central governments in order to create a central state with uniform ownership regulations and a centralised organisation structure like the introduction of the French cadastre (tax-system).

El presente trabajo pretende generar una aproximación espacial al yacimiento arqueológico de Cerro Miguelico, utilizando, principalmente, una batería de técnicas no invasivas centradas en el estudio de los análisis realizados a partir de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG), fotogrametría aérea y LiDAR. Para ello, se partirá de la propia historiografía de las investigaciones arqueológicas precedentes sobre Cerro Miguelico, desde sus primeras menciones al inicio del siglo XX, hasta la actualidad.
De manera general, se realizará una introducción al contexto histórico y geográfico del yacimiento, analizando las características de sus antecedentes, evaluando el estado actual de la cuestión y profundizando, finalmente, en los elementos espaciales que dieron forma y configuraron el asentamiento de Cerro Miguelico y su territorio.
En definitiva, este trabajo debe ser considerado como un acercamiento inicial a la comprensión del poblamiento diacrónico del yacimiento de Cerro Miguelico, caracterizado por la ocupación antrópica de su territorio a lo largo de diferentes fases cronológicas. La elaboración de este trabajo nos ha permitido lanzar hipótesis iniciales sobre las razones que motivaron la elección de dicho emplazamiento, así como evaluar el impacto que las diferentes culturas tuvieron sobre el medio natural. Además, la documentación cartográfica generada en este estudio puede convertirse en una herramienta indispensable para la gestión y planificación patrimonial en el planteamiento de futuras actuaciones que partan desde perspectivas investigadoras y/o de puesta en valor del patrimonio arqueológico.

This practice-led research is situated at the margins of human perception and the materiality of trash. I argue that trash has been culturally constructed to be marginalized, if not completely invisible, contributing to its denial and proliferation. My site-specific approach investigates trash and spatial ruin sites, seeking out the potentiality of the materiality by employing the media of sculpture, video, photography and assemblage. The Poetics of Trash is comprised of three artworks: a slow-motion video of a discarded industrial waste, a monumental pile of trash brought into the gallery, and back-lit photographs of hyper-detailed images of trash. By deploying the artistic strategies of immersion, gilding and juxtaposition, I subvert the binaries clearing a space for the viewer to reconceptualise trash and ruminate on back-end production. This thesis provides a critical analysis of garbage through contemporary theoretical discourse while revealing the contributions of artistic pra...

Há pouco visitei Sevilha, uma das minhas cidades favoritas. Fui lá, várias vezes em poucos anos. Das últimas vezes-a partir de 1996-em conferências de tradução com a minha atual mulher. Antes, porém, partira para ver a Expo 92. Lá encontrara, sem saber da presença deles ali, o meu ex-sogro e um filho que vieram da Austrália ver a Expo. Sevilha fervilhava de gente e de calor. Durante os três dias a temperatura oscilou entre 43º e 49 ºC. De noite não baixava dos 40 ºC. Isto excedia os 43 ºC de que se não esquecera em Perth, quando o MGB da minha ex-cunhada se recusara a subir num parque de estacionamento parando o trânsito das redondezas.... Assisti em Sevilha a um concerto inesquecível do Rui Veloso enquanto a minha filha se deliciava a cantarolar as músicas dele, sempre metida na água. Dois anos depois, a 9 de outubro 1994 arranquei para Sevilha para uma conferência de literatura. Enganei-me na data. Cheguei um dia antes do previsto. Passei o dia ao ar livre no bar El Cordobés (Bar Mesquita), propriedade de António e Mercedes, aberto desde manhã cedo até à meia-noite. Era barato, com uma esplanada agradável no meio do calor, protegido por uma ou outra árvore. Muito frequentado por turistas era um espaço típico andaluz, e ficava bem perto do hotel Murillo Sevilla. Também se podia comer dentro de portas, mas o serviço não era bom. Aconselho ao ar livre. Tinha cozinha tradicional sevilhana como paella, rabo de toro, um bom Gaspacho, Ensalada Tropicana (com frutos); pechuga de pollo plancha (peito de frango grelhado); gambas al ajillo (gambas com alho e azeite); revueltos con asparagus (ovos mexidos com espargos e camarão, além do zumo de naranja natural (sumo fresco de laranja) e dez combinados que experimentaria nos dias seguintes. A rua ficava na direção da Menendez Pelayo, Enquanto lia e fazia as minhas observações da população que me rodeava, como, aliás, sempre faço quando estou em qualquer lugar público, ia anotando mentalmente cenas que me poderiam servir para mais tarde escrever sobre elas. Não pude deixar de notar a falta de à-vontade, mesmo ao meu lado, de duas pessoas de etnia chinesa que não se conseguiam fazer entender para pedirem comida. Tentei ajudar pensando que as mulheres, uma jovem e outra velha, fossem de Hong Kong. Eram de Jacarta. Não pude resistir a chateá-las por causa de Timor-Leste e da ocupação genocida da Indonésia. Desculparam-se dizendo que estavam a fazer turismo. Não percebiam de política, alegaram com maus modos e, mal acabaram de comer saíram. Nem agradeceram a ajuda sem a qual nem sequer teriam conseguido comer. Para a próxima deixá-las-ia morrer à fome em vez de as ajudar. Quanto ao Congresso, que para isso pedi o visto no Consulado de Espanha na Rua de D. João IV no Porto, fui à sessão de abertura e à de fecho buscar o diploma. Era um mero presencial incluído na delegação brasileira para este congresso duma semana. Acabei por vir acompanhado duma colega sul-americana que ficara umas semanas no Porto usufruindo da minha hospitalidade. Ela regressara ao Brasil um mês depois a 20 novembro 1994 e eu, aproveitando o facto de estar em férias, seguira-a para conferências no Rio e em Belo Horizonte. Fui a uma agência de viagens na Baixa do Porto e pedi bilhete para o próximo voo, mas acabei por só embarcar dois dias mais tarde em novo voo direto para o aeroporto de Congonhas, na minha primeira visita a este continente.

Texto informativo e tradução do prefácio da obra "As árvores nativas de São Paulo: contribuição ao estudo da flora florestal do Estado de São Paulo" (1926), de Edmundo Navarro de Andrade e Octávio Vecchi. Publicado no Informativo "90 anos do Museu Florestal Octávio Vecchi". Disponível em: https://issuu.com/ambientesp/docs/textos_informativo_90_anos_do_museu_florestal.15.0

Appel à proposition: journée d'étude "Paysages-catastrophes (XVI e-XXI e s.): l'urbain à l'épreuve du désastre" (Montréal, 15 mars 2024). En présentiel et distanciel.
Cette journée d’étude est le troisième volet d’une série de colloques qui examinent la relation entre catastrophe et paysage à travers les siècles. 
La date limite pour l'envoi des propositions est le 15 octobre 2023.