Bulgarian

This article has been inspired by the popular discussions whether the Bulgarian National Television deserves to be named „public“ and how it will survive the new reality, with new types of media capturing the audience. The article aims to identify the steps that should be made in order to win the younger audience’s full trust. A survey of public television practices in EU Member States has been made and the best ones are outlined. Recommendations and next steps are proposed.

The text is driven by the concept of crowdsourcing and seeks its application in support of the public function of the Bulgarian National Television. The author develops concrete suggestions how to implement user-generated content for the benefit of the public media content.

In this study, the reproductive and growth performance of Akkaraman sheep between 2017-2021 were evaluated within the scope of the National Sheep and Goat Breeding Project in the Hand of the Public, which is being carried out in the province of Nigde. In the research, data obtained from 30923 animals in 22 farms in 7 villages in the central district of Nigde province were used. In the study, the effect of year, dam’s age, gender and birth type on birth weight (BW), live weight on day 60 (LW1), live weight on day 120 (LW2), daily live weight gain (DLWG) on day 120 were investigated. The effects of year, dam’s age, gender and birth type on BW, LW1, LW2, DLWG were found to be statistically significant. While the effects of year, dam’s age and gender were found to be statistically effective on SR, the effect of birth type was found to be insignificant. In the study, fertility, fecundity and litter size in Akkaraman lambs were determined as 0.92, 1.03 and 1.13, respectively. As a result,...

ABSTRACT: Cohesion policy of the European Union, which aims harmonious development through creation and implementation of actions, leading to strengthening of economic and social cohesion, is substantial for the Bulgarian regional policy objectives and principles. A top priority of the Bulgarian strategic documents, developed in accordance with the European regulations, is sustainable and balanced development of the regions in Bulgaria by reducing inter-regional and intra-regional disparities and development of endogenous capacities at regional and local level. The objective of the report is to make a thorough study of the economic and social development of the six Bulgarian regions at level two for the period 2000-2012, using the method of comparative analysis. The survey results show a growing trend of concentration of population and economic activity in the capital city, which leads to rise of the Southwestern region gross value added to more than 70%. Contrary to that ascertainm...

The paper presents a study in the area of Learning Analytics – a scientific field that is still in a relatively early stage of study in Bulgaria. The study aims to offer, develop and test software tools for Learning Analytics that will improve the learning outcomes in the field of higher education. Using data mining methods for analysis the data produced in the learning process (extracted from different data sources), intelligent software tools will be developed to improve the quality of outcomes in different elements of the learning process (learning, teaching, monitoring, etc.), and for the needs of different stakeholder groups. Keywords – Higher Education, University Information Systems, Data Extraction, Intelligence Systems, Learning Analytics.

The paper presents work in progress on the compilation and automatic annotation of a dataset comprising examples of stative verbs in parallel Bulgarian-Russian corpora with the goal of facilitating the elaboration of a classification of stative verbs in the two languages based on their lexical and semantic properties. We extract stative verbs from the Bulgarian and the Russian WordNets with their assigned conceptual information (frames) from FrameNet. We then assign the set of probable Bulgarian and Russian stative verbs to the verb instances in a parallel Bulgarian-Russian corpus using WordNet correspondences to filter out unlikely stative candidates. Further, manual inspection will ensure high quality of the resource and its application for the purposes of semantic analysis.

Background: Smoking has become a lifestyle. Smokers are dominated by teenagers, including college students. Smoke from cigarettes clearly poses a danger to the body's health and the environment, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, college students spend more time at home which can increase smoking behavior too. Aims: The purpose of this study is to analyze the description of the intention to quit smoking at the State University of Malang during COVID-19 based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Methods: This research is a type of quantitative analysis using primary data. The instrument used is a questionnaire which is filled out independently by the respondent. Data collection was done online for 100 students of the State University of Malang. The statistical test used in the analysis is the Chi-square test and Regression Logistic. Results: Variables related to the intention to quit smoking were attitude (sig=0.03 < α=0.05) and behavioral contro...

The report examines an approach to standardized presentation and virtualization of Bulgaria's cultural, historical, and natural heritage sites. Ideas and experience in using this knowledge in the teaching of various subjects in school education are shared.

Managerial decision making process is broadly discussed in the specialized literature. There is a great number of views and opinions about the needed prerequisites to achieve better managerial performance. No consensus on the problem has been achieved so far and the universal formula for managerial success is still a chimera. The only point upon which everyone agrees is that the information access is the milestone of an effective decision making process. That was the reason why we decided to investigate what types of information are needed by the managers in Bulgarian non-hospital medical centers to take their managerial decisions. Medical centers are specific organizations which offer specific services. They are highly regulated and this unifies to a great extent the information needs of healthcare managers. Therefore we were able to develop a conceptual model for the decision making process. The model is based on the results of a scientific research which investigates managerial p...

Teaching Turkish to native Bulgarian speakers requires specific methodological work. In order to prevent and eliminate interference, some linguistic phenomena must be compared with the Bulgarian language. The purpose of this article is to reveal the specifics of the connection of words and, more specifically, of government as a kind of syntactic connection in Turkish in comparison with Bulgarian, pointing out some features of this language with the aim of avoiding its interference.

This paper describes the infrastructure of a basic language resources set for Bulgarian in the context of BLARK initiative requirements. We focus on the treebanking task as a trigger for basic language resources compilation. Two strategies have been applied in this respect: (1) implementing the main pre-processing modules before the treebank compilation and (2) creating more elaborate types of resources

Rural areas (RA), according to their geographical determination, are determined by specific characteristics for each of them. The administrative affiliation, on the other hand, fixes the socioeconomic profile and in relation to this direction, the aim of the scientific study is to investigate some of the non-agricultural activities-Hotel and restaurant industry (I), Education (P) and Human health and social work (Q) in the rural areas of the South-Central Region (SCR) for the period 2010-2020. The study includes employed persons and enterprises in the specified subsectors. The aim of the current development is to track the movement of employed persons and enterprises in the RA of the country. These subsectors are related to the socioeconomic status of these territories. Deductive, comparative method and Localization Index (IL) have been applied. Analysis and conclusions are made based on the Index of localization of the various activities, comparing them to the territories according to the NUTS classification. The conclusion and the findings are based on the results indicated in the study. The Classification of Economic Activities (CEA) of 2008, EU Regulation No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20.12.2006 have been applied.

Agriculture occupies a basic place in the economy of Bulgaria. A key sector on which a large part of production in the country is based, regardless of the political or socioeconomic processes taking place during different time periods. The purpose of the scientific development is to present the development of the Gross value added (GVA) of agriculture in Bulgaria for the period 2007-2020, base prices, subsidies for production and agricultural labor in annual work units (AWU). The research includes the application of methodology and analysis of the Location Index (IL) of agricultural holdings and employed persons in the rural areas of the South Central Region (SCR) for the specified period, as well as the influence of the "green deal" as a socioeconomic factor. Makes a comparative analysis of the employed persons, in relation to the region and the country during the research period.

Proceeding from the analysis of cases of wrong agreement in number of the relative pronoun and the verb in the relative clause in the expanded noun phrase един от Npl/collective, който… (‘one of the Npl/collective who…’) in the public speech of educated speakers of Bulgarian, the paper reconsiders the functions of един in the partitive construction един от X (one of X). Adopting the idea of fused heads, the author suggests that in these constructions един unites the functions of a numeral, a marker of specific indefiniteness and a pronoun. This goes against the current view that един is split into homonymous forms – a numeral, an indefinite article, and a pronoun – and is closer to the position that the grammaticalization of един (one) as an indefinite article is not complete. The analysis of the partitive construction requires a look into the semantics of the Bulgarian preposition от (corresponding to English of in this case). The analysis then focuses on the categories of number a...

Global warming intensifies the water cycle. The intensified water cycle is considered to be among the reasons for the increment of floods in several regions on Earth. The floods and the ensuing disaster situations, which have increased over the past year, have caused massive material damage and economic losses to the Bulgarian population. The occurrence of floods was directly associated with the amount of rainfall in a given period. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the trends in rainfall changes in Bulgaria and their correlation with the floods over 8 years: from 2010 to 2017.

The report examines an approach to standardized presentation and virtualization of Bulgaria's cultural, historical, and natural heritage sites. Ideas and experience in using this knowledge in the teaching of various subjects in school education are shared.

The paper presents one approach for developing a prototype of a Component for CCA modeling in Virtual-Physical Space (ViPS). The results of the first prototype version of this Component are presented, in which the spatial aspects of "things" are mainly modeled. A simple demonstration example is reviewed and directions for future development are commented.

This paper describes the infrastructure of a basic language resources set for Bulgarian in the context of BLARK initiative requirements. We focus on the treebanking task as a trigger for basic language resources compilation. Two strategies have been applied in this respect: (1) implementing the main pre-processing modules before the treebank compilation and (2) creating more elaborate types of resources

The new world trends and the communicative approach in education contributed significantly to the popularization of the case-method in education. The article examines the possibilities and justifies the importance of the use of the case-study methodology in teaching of the Bulgarian language. The purpose of the article is to describe the essence of this approach as one of the means of integrating linguistic skills for learning foreign languages, and also to explore and expand the possibilities of using the case-study method in teaching of the Bulgarian language. It is concluded that the interactive case-study method meets the needs of the modern socio-cultural and educational context - language training with a clearly defined communicative orientation increases educational motivation and solves a number of important problems for the development of both linguistic and professional competences.

Geospatial analysis and visualisation can be used to gain knowledge about land use structure and its changes on different spatial scales, which in turn is key to unlock the potential for sustainable land use development. This editorial provides a frame to a set of papers of the topical collection “Innovative approaches, tools and visualization techniques for analyzing land use structures and dynamics of cities and regions”, which was initiated in conjunction with the 2017 International Land Use Symposium taken place in Dresden, Germany. It first introduces current, urging land use, development and management challenges. Further on, the editorial presents the individual contributions and reflects their affiliation to the themes “Mapping and Monitoring Approaches” and “Planning, Decision Support and Participation”. Although the objectives, methods and underlying data used in the papers of this topical collection greatly vary, as pieces of a puzzle they contribute to a better analysis ...

The article provides an insight into the project “A New Botanical Dictionary: Terms in Latvian, Latin, English, Russian, and German” implemented in the second half of 2017 and in 2018 within the Ventspils University of Applied Sciences (VUAS) internal call for proposals “Development of Scientific Activity at the VUAS”. The VUAS Faculty of Translation Studies in collaboration with the Faculty of Information Technologies in their scientific and research work along with other Latvian universities aim to occupy a niche in the branch of applied linguistics, therefore the research is related to this discipline and offers solutions in practical lexicography. The study describes a new botanical dictionary (NBD) – a mobile application prototype – with Latvian as a basic language. An insight into the macrostructure of the dictionary and the structure of entries is given. The research deals with questions concerning IT solutions in general (simple) and semantic search in particular. It also in...

This paper explores the current use of the verb like in sequences such as “me likey”. This new use is practically limited to modern variant spellings (likey, likee, like-y and likie) and resembles the original (and now obsolete) impersonal structure of the verb in which the experiencer was encoded in the objective case and the verb was used invariably, among other aspects. However, rather than the re-emergence of an impersonal construction, the sequence “me likey” seems to be the result of a situation of language contact and it is in line with the informalisation of English as seen, for example, in the increasing tendency for objective pronouns to be used in subject position in a variety of constructions. In light of the evidence from the Corpus of Contemporary American English and the TV Corpus, we can conclude that the sequence is used in highly informal registers, and that it tends to appear in rather formulaic expressions, especially in two-word sequences.

The main goal of this paper was evaluate the effect of<br> diets containing different levels of probiotic on performance and milk<br> composition of lactating cows.<br> Eight Holstein cows were distributed in two 4x4 Latin square. The<br> diets were based on corn silage, concentrate and the treatment (0, 3, 6<br> or 9 grams of probiotic/animal/day). It was evaluated the dry matter<br> intake of nutrients, milk yield and composition.<br> The use of probiotics did not affect the nutrient intake (p>0.05)<br> neither the daily milk production or corrected to 4% fat (p>0.05).<br> However, it was observed that there was a significant fall in milk<br> composition with higher levels of probiotics supplementation.<br> These results emphasize the need of further studies with different<br> experimental designs or improve the number of Latin square with<br> longer periods of adaptation.

In the recent decade the realisations of evidentiality and epistemic modality in European languages have received a great scholarly interest and resulted in important investigations concerning the relation between evidentiality and epistemic modality, their means of expression and meaning extensions in various types of discourse. The present paper deals with the adverbials akivaizdžiai ‘evidently’, aiškiai ‘clearly’, ryškiai ‘visibly, clearly’, matyt ‘apparently, evidently’ and regis ‘seemingly’, which derive from the source domain of perception, and the epistemic necessity adverbials tikriausiai/veikiausiai/greičiausiai ‘most probably’, būtinai ‘necessarily’ and neabejotinai ‘undoubtedly’. The aim of the paper is to explore the morphosyntactic properties of the adverbials when they are used as evidential or epistemic markers and compare the distribution of their evidential and epistemic functions in Lithuanian fiction, news and academic discourse. The data have been drawn from the ...

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama lietuvių kalbos adverbialų gal ir galbūt kiekybinė ir kokybinė distribucija skirtinguose diskurso tipuose (šnekamoji kalba, grožinė literatūra, akademinė kalba). Tyrimo tikslas yra aptarti lietuvių kalbos adverbialų gal ir galbūt ir jų atitikmenų anglų kalboje multifunkcionalumo aspektus. Straipsnyje pateikiama kiekybinė ir kokybinė šių adverbialų analizė. Šių lietuvių kalbos adverbialų vartosena dar iki šiol nebuvo aptarta pasitelkiant įvairių tekstynų teikiamomis galimybėmis. Tyrimas remiasi tekstynų inspiruota metodologija – empirinė medžiaga yra paimta iš dvikrypčio lygiagrečiojo tekstyno ParaCorpEN→LT→EN, Lietuvių mokslo kalbos tekstyno CorALit ir iš Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos tekstyno. Kiekybinė analizė atskleidžia, kad gal dominuoja visuose diskurso tipuose. Šis adverbialas vartojamas dvigubai dažniau nei galbūt. Tirti adverbialai gana dažnai figūruoja grožinės literatūros tekstuose, tačiau prototipinė jų vartosena yra būdinga šnekamajai kalbai. Tuo ta...