Body

IntroductionIn women, bone mineral density it is related to age, estrogenic action and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM). The gynoid fat distribution is linked to estrogenic action.ObjectiveAssess if increase of gynoid fat be associated to high bone mineral density (BMD) independent to age and appendicular skeletal muscle mass.MethodsObservational study performed on women of age between 20 to 79 years. Fat mass, ASMM and BMD were measured with Dual-energy x ray absorptiometry. The binned scatterplots and multivariate linear regression models were used to study the relationship between hip BMD and age, height, android fat, gynoid fat, and ASMM.ResultsFor 673 women invited, 596 accepted to participate. The mean age was 55.4 ± 12.8 years, weight 63.4 ± 9.4 Kg, height 1.61 ± 0.06 m, body mass index 24.54 ± 3.59 Kg/m2, average hip BMD 0.914 ± 0.122 gr/cm2, android fat 2.12 ± 0.83 kg, gynoid fat 4.54 ± 1.07 kg and ASMM 15.15 ± 1.97 kg. The final regression model included age (linear coefficient -0.004; 95% CI: -0.005 to -0.003; p <0.001), ASMM (linear coefficient 0.013; 95% CI: 0.009 to 0.018; p <0.001) and gynoid fat (linear coefficient 0.013; 95% CI: 0.005 to 0.022; p <0.002).ConclusionGynoid fat is associated with BMD in the hip independently of age and ASMM.

É intolerável conviver com um sistema de leis, de normas e de preceitos jurídicos, religiosos, morais ou educacionais que discriminam sujeitos porque seu modo de ser homem ou de ser mulher, suas formas de expressar seus desejos e prazeres não correspondem àquelas nomeadas como &quot;normais&quot;. Esse é um sentimento comum entre as estudiosas/os que sabem da relevância de se refletir sobre questões de gênero e sexualidade. No entanto, embora sejam inegáveis as afinidades políticas entre os/as intelectuais que se dedicam a tais estudos, são muitas e distintas as formas de conceber o que fazer face a tal horizonte político. A diversidade teórica e metodológica, bem como a pluralidade de práticas pedagógicas ou de intervenção, são discutidas e compreendidas, neste artigo, como indicadoras da vitalidade desses campos disciplinares, simultaneamente teóricos e políticos. Conceitos recorrentes, tais como gênero, sexualidade, corpo e poder são contemplados nesta análise.

Na tradição dualista, natureza e cultura estão separadas, eo corpo, localizado no âmbito da natureza, é negado na instância da cultura. Argumento contra esse pensamento dicotômico. Centralizando a análise nas dimensões de gênero e sexualidade, passo em revista ...

Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the Irish Catholic Church adopted and spread a gendered moral discourse to educate women in chastity, purity and passivity. In the twenty-first century, this religious discourse has been maintained and reinforced with the medicalisation of women’s bodies and the pressure put on female subjects to become mothers. Following feminist and resilience studies, we will analyse Martina Devlin’s short story “Alice through the Bathroom Mirror” (2003) to see how the female body is objectified, dehumanised and pathologized by men, and how gender expectations can be challenged by resisting subordination and objectification.

Avoiding predators spatially or selecting safer habitats can improve survival prospects of potential prey animals. However, in the case of introduced predators, prey popu- lations might lack the behavioural traits to escape predation. We studied responses of native voles to removal of an alien predator, the American mink (Mustela vison), on small islands in the outer archipelago of the Baltic

ABSTRACTSmall mustelids are ‘snake‐like’ mammals adapted to hunt small rodents, which are their principal prey, in tunnels leaving practically no refuge for the prey. Prey rodents have adaptive behaviours to situations where the predation risk from mustelids is high, including reduced activity and escape by climbing. Small mustelids may affect prey population dynamics directly through killing (increased mortality) and/or indirectly through behavioural changes in prey as a response to the presence of mustelids (predation risk). The Predator‐Induced Breeding Suppression hypothesis (PIBS) states that a trade‐off between survival and reproduction should lead to delayed breeding under temporarily high predation risk, so that the mere presence of predators may reduce reproductive output. Current results suggest that small mustelids mainly affect prey population growth rate directly through killing. In many cyclic rodent populations, small mustelid predation is a major mortality factor, an...

This article has only one aim: to demonstrate the urgency for contemporary medical anthropology of a direct and reflexive reading of the works of Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937). Gramsci’s dialogic and experimental way of thinking seems to elude all the interpretive classifications furnished by the exegetes or by anthropological theory. The author of this article lays stress on Gramsci’s anthropological vocation and explores three main questions: hegemony, agency, and transformations of the person. There is a dramatic and reflexive attention in Gramsci for the bodily esperience of suffering, for the embodiment processes, and at the same time an “engaged observation”, which can be called ethnographic, of the the microphysics of social transformation, the hegemony and the agency of the State, the person, and the collectivity. The Gramscian critique can push contemporary medical anthropology to lay stress on the political aspects of embodiment in order to put into question the health-illne...

Este artigo objetiva mostrar como o corpo tatuado sai do anonimato, da marginalidade, deixando de ser um elemento transgressor da norma social para ressignificar-se pelas lentes da mídia, ao ser discursivizado como símbolo de beleza, associado ao glamour e à sensualidade por meio de relações de saber-poder e de jogos de verdade. Para alcançar nossa meta, dividimos nosso texto em três partes: uma primeira, em que apresentamos uma breve história do corpo e seus deslocamentos ao longo do tempo para mostrar como o tatuado, ao ser normatizado pela mídia, adquire novas significações. Em seguida, discutimos sobre relações de poder e identidade para tratarmos de como se constrói o sujeito tatuado na esfera midiática. Na terceira e última parte, expomos como a mídia impõe para o corpo tatuado uma política de estetização, a fim de incluí-lo socialmente. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Corpo tatuado. Mídia. Relações de saber-poder. Jogos de Verdade.

A program was developed to align positron emission tomography images from multiple studies on the same subject. The program allowed alignment of two images with a fineness of one-tenth the width of a pixel. The indications and effects of misalignment were assessed in eight subjects from a placebo-controlled double-blind crossover study on the effects of cocaine on regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose. Visual examination of a difference image provided a sensitive and accurate tool for assessing image alignment. Image alignment within 2.8 mm was essential to reduce variability of measured cerebral metabolic rates for glucose. Misalignment by this amount introduced errors on the order of 20% in the computed metabolic rate for glucose. These errors propagate to the difference between metabolic rates for a subject measured in basal versus perturbed states.

The changing concepts of the body have had a significant impact on architectural and structural design thinking. This article examines the influence of historical analogies with the body on structural design, highlighting the analogies’ bias against functionalist aesthetics and their scope limitations. By contrast, recent advances in cognitive neuroscience research on the body and perception enable us to gain a new perspective on the analogy between body and structure. While exposing the traditional analogy&#39;s static and one-sided limitations, the article proposes the perspective of incorporating bodily experience dimensions into structural design considerations based on neuroscience. The article also emphasises the importance of collaboration with all disciplines in the structural design process from a biological standpoint, with the goal of refining and enriching the analogy between structure and body, thus complementing and refining the artistic and human dimensions of structu...

In this article we examine the body&#39;s status in the complaints that patients filed with a compensation agency. Taking a corpus of letters, we analyse the way in which the patients mobilise their bodily experience from the angle of the damage for which they demand compensation. To this end, we articulate an approach in terms of the sociology of complaint with an approach rooted in the sociology of medicine, health and illness. To analyse the body narratives, we use the notion of loss. We highlight the manner in which patients approach their losses as &#39;losses in practice&#39;. These losses are defined by the patients putting forward the concrete experience of a body harmed by the treatment received, and by their formulation of expectations in terms of compensation. We therefore identify four ways in which the reality of the damaged body is given a form in terms of expectations of repair: the &#39;body-producer&#39;, the &#39;body-ecological&#39;, the &#39;body-help&#39; and th...

Este ensayo reflexiona sobre la epistemología en antropología, a partir de las investigaciones antropológicas sobre la menstruación. La perspectiva etnográfica revela cómo se ha abordado este tema y sus consecuencias en la generación de concepciones masculinizadas sobre lo social y lo cultural. El contraste entre diferentes trabajos etnográficos sobre la menstruación me lleva a notar que la crítica de género se cuestiona a sí misma cuando la construcción de conocimiento social se da desde lo corporal, lo material, lo subjetivo y lo emocional. Finalmente, al contrastar los alcances que estas dimensiones cobran en distintos trabajos de sociedades indígenas amazónicas, pongo en evidencia las desigualdades entre los sexos en el marco de relaciones de género enmarcadas en una interconexión entre lo rural y lo urbano, atravesadas por relaciones coloniales.

Nota-se na literatura a escassez de estudos voltados à compreensão sobre como o envelhecer pode afetar o professor de Educação Física. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi investigar se (e quais são os significados atribuídos) a saúde emerge nas relações entre o envelhecimento do professor de Educação Física e seu próprio corpo. A funcionalidade do corpo, a estabilidade financeira, não ter doenças e se tornar senil, aspectos esses imbricados com a saúde, são as preocupações do professor ao envelhecer. Os cuidados que o professor adota para um envelhecer saudável são as práticas corporais e a adoção de uma alimentação equilibrada.

The introduction lays the ground for this issue’s critical inquiry into fat and agency. Agency is a crucial yet ambivalent tool for historical, cultural and social analysis. It denotes a combination of self-reliance, self-will and self-respect among historical actors. On the one hand, it is a symbol for the reappropriation of alienated and seemingly overpowering discourses, social relations, and institutions. On the other hand, it often serves as an idealized counterpoint to representations of fat bodies. Therefore, agency is not necessarily and exclusively tied to oppositional acts of resistance or withdrawal, but it is also a premise of the social and political organization of liberal societies: exerting agency performs our compliance with its demands.

The article is an attempt to explore the ontological implications of Maurice Merleau-Ponty&#39;s concept of the body (Körper) as a particular mirror in which the world comes to existence. For the author of Visible and Invisible this is the point of departure to work out the concept of painting as an act that has its roots in the experience of the painter&#39;s own body as a mirror that is redoubled in itself. According to Merleau-Ponty, the painter experiences his own body as one that looks and at the same time is looked at, and this allows him to experience intensively his prior connection with that what is seen (das Sichtbare). In this concept the body does not play the role of mirror as an additional medium that has been placed against the world and whose plane reflects the image of things. The body is rather the mirror that is redoubled in itself, a mirror in which the visible comes into being

In his Commentary on John 6:53, Cyril of Alexandria (c. 378-444) elucidates the working of the Eucharist by comparing it with the raising of Jairus’s daughter through Christ’s command and the stretching of his hand. In this context Cyril calls the life-giving ἐνέργεια one and cognate. In the seventh century, this passage was adduced by the Monoenergists to argue that in Christ there was only one ἐνέργεια. In this article, it is studied what meaning was given to the phrase ‘one and cognate ἐνέργεια’ by various Monoenergist protagonists, by Maximus the Confessor (579/80-662), and also by a few modern theologians. After that the author investigates what Cyril himself will have had in mind when he wrote this passage. He comes to the conclusion that the one ἐνέργεια is the divine ἐνέργεια, which is at work both through the command and through the touch.
This article has appeared in Russian in Библия и христианская древность (Bible and Christian Antiquity) 10 (2021), pp. 93-139.

The article describes the historiographical tradi tion of sport history, a discipline founded by amateur histo rians and sport scientists and then taken over by profes sional historians and social scientists. It explains the differ ent approaches on the background of the extraordinary fast development of modern sport in the 19th and 20th centuries and explains why scholars developed special tools of analy sis in close co-operation with experts from sociology and economics; in doing so the article unfolds some peculiari ties of modern sport as a field of historical and social re search. A discussion of the future of sport history seen as a sub-discipline of general history completes the article; this discussion encompasses themes, periods of study, and the necessity of co-operation with new academic disciplines like media studies.

This is a personal translation to english of the work indicated. This document is offered only with purposes of divulgation. Readers are advised that quotations and references may have faults. A copy of the original can be found at
This paper reflects on the literary status of the novel Naked Lunch by William
Burroughs through the theoretical framework sketched by Jacques Derrida from the conception of literature as a platonic pharmakon. According to the latter, the the vertebrate metaphor of the drug that emerges from different textual levels allows us to characterize the discourse of the work within a vision of literary language constituted by reference to a system of discourses that revolve around socio-political relationships, the body, and the act of writing.
These social regimes, brought into discursive praxis, mobilize a poetics exercised as a strategy of resistance which, at the same time, defines a certain conception of the literary. In this sense, the discourse of addiction is not what is referred to, but its presentification by a textual experience as a category in the hierarchy of the drug.

Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) represent one of the leading causes of occupational injury and disability among the professional nursing, due to the number and variety of risk factors associated with the work environment. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and its association with ergonomic risk factors. A self-administered questionnaire and observational method was used to collect information from 420 individuals and then the data were computerized and analyzed by using SPSS version 21. The overall prevalence of WRMSDs among Ranya and Qaladiza districts nurses was 74%. The neck pain was the most prevalent site of WRMSDs (48.4%) compared to other body parts. Logistic regression analysis indicated that significant risk factors for WRMSDs symptoms were older nurses aged &gt;39.5 years old (OR=3.076, 95% CI: 1.200, 7.884), medium RULA risk level (OR= 255.096, 95% CI: 24.078, 2702.681), very high RULA...

Tutkimusraportti perustuu osana TUPA-projektia tehtyyn TUPA-kyselyyn. Kyselyssä selvitettiin varusmiesten näkemyksiä ja kokemuksia mies- ja naisvarusmiesten yhteismajoituskokeilusta. Lisäksi kysyttiin mm. kiusaamiseen sekä häirintään ja ahdisteluun liittyviä kysymyksiä. Kyselyyn vastasi syys lokakuussa 2020 Karjalan ja Kainuun prikaateissa yhteensä 1627 saapumiserän 2/2020 varusmiestä. Vastausprosentti oli 50%. Kyselyyn vastaaminen ei edellyttänyt osallistumista yhteismajoituskokeiluun. TUPA-kyselyyn vastanneista 67% oli antanut suostumuksensa osallistua yhteismajoituskokeiluun. Useimmat miehet ilmaisivat suostuneensa, koska asialla ei ollut heille väliä. Naisten osallistumisen syynä oli toive paremmasta ryhmäytymisestä, korkeammasta yhteishengestä sekä saumattomammasta toiminnasta oman ryhmän kanssa. Kokeilusta kieltäytyneet miehet kertoivat syyksi kiinnostuksen puutteen kokeilua kohtaan. Monet miehet toivoivat perinteistä armeijakokemusta, eivätkä uskoneet saavansa tätä yhteistuva...

Computed Tomography (CT) has been one of the greatest innovations for medical diagnosis. Among the main features of CT is its ability to provide high-quality anatomical and functional images. Other important imaging modalities are the ones conducted in Nuclear Medicine (NM), which, with the use of radiotracers, makes it possible to obtain metabolic and molecular images in vivo. The union of NM and CT imaging modalities is possible through hybrid equipment. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the quality and quantity of tomographic exams that can be performed in hybrid equipment. To complete this research analyzes of the ability to perform CT exams in the room that holds a Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/ Computed Tomography SPECT/CT equipment in an NM facility were carried out. The evaluation criteria were: equipment quality control, image quality assessment by a subjective method as per European Guidelines on Quality Criteria for Computed Tomography (EUR), and as...

Os exames de imagem fazem parte do cotidiano do Cirurgião-Dentista em sua prática clínica, por isso é importante o conhecimento dos cuidados relacionados a radioproteção, desta forma evitamos exposições desnecessárias aos Raios-X. Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar através de uma revisão de literatura, a respeito dos os principais radioprotetores utilizados em odontologia. Os artigos foram pesquisados nas bases de dados PubMed, Bireme, Scielo e Lilacs. Os critérios de exclusão foram a data de publicação, e relação com o tema proposto pelos descritores. Após avaliação, foram selecionados 27 artigos os quais constituem o corpo bibliográfico desta revisão. Conclui-se que é necessário maior exploração do tema diante da complexidade e importância acerca do uso dos radioprotetores, sugerindo uma abordagem mais aprofundada ainda nos cursos de graduação.